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0:05hey everybody it's your
0:06average jeweler again and we're back
0:09talking about
0:10king of the gemstones no literally
0:13they're they call it king of the
0:15gemstones in sanskrit
0:17it actually translates to king of the
0:20gemstones
0:22we're gonna have to talk about it
0:31so for those of you that are new here
0:34welcome
0:35this is where we try and learn about
0:36gemstones and jewelry and
0:39some of the good questions that people
0:40ask but today we are literally talking
0:42about a gemstone
0:43that most people do know about and that
0:46is ruby
0:48even though most people know about it
0:50there are a lot of really interesting
0:52things about ruby that
0:53people don't know you hopefully know
0:56that ruby is red
0:58but outside of that there's a lot of
1:00interesting facts
1:02and i've spent some time trying to
1:03gather some things together
1:05some things of course from experience
1:06other things just by
1:08trying to look around and and see what
1:10else there is about ruby and there is a
1:12lot
1:13now if you haven't subscribed to the
1:15channel please subscribe below
1:17click the little notification bell so
1:19you actually see things
1:21and we are still planning on doing a lot
1:23of different videos moving forward i
1:25have some great ideas for the future
1:27so please subscribe so you actually see
1:29those when they do come out
1:30but today ruby now if you've watched
1:34some of my other videos
1:36hopefully you've seen and heard that
1:37ruby is actually the mineral corundum
1:40and what makes that interesting and
1:41unique is it is the same mineral
1:44as sapphire however ruby is specifically
1:48the red designation
1:50now how does it get the red well without
1:53any trace elements
1:54other things outside of its chemical
1:56structure which its chemical structure
1:58is an aluminum oxide
1:59but outside of that other elements can
2:02creep in there and they'll affect the
2:04color
2:05without those elements you have a clear
2:06gemstone when you add in
2:09things like chromium you end up with a
2:12red color
2:13now there are other elements that can
2:15affect this for instance
2:17like iron iron many times will get into
2:20things like
2:20ruby and you get your darker varieties
2:23of ruby
2:24when you add in iron but the bottom line
2:26is
2:27you add in a percent of chromium and you
2:30end up with a very pretty
2:32ruby now if there's less chromium you
2:34actually have
2:36what gets into pink sapphire now one of
2:38the biggest
2:39controversies in the the whole ruby
2:42conversation has to do with when
2:44is it a pink sapphire and when does it
2:46become a ruby
2:48because as soon as somebody can call it
2:50a ruby
2:51it's basically more valuable however
2:55when you're talking about color there's
2:57a level of subjectivity
2:59now sometimes you're looking at a hot
3:01pink stone and it's pretty obvious
3:03it's pink but there is a point when pink
3:06breaks into red and that's one of the
3:08most difficult things to decide
3:09now if you were in some of the countries
3:12where these stones come from
3:14they will many times be selling pink
3:16sapphires as
3:17ruby partly because that's the cultural
3:20norm
3:20and partly because they believe they can
3:22get more money by doing so
3:24but at the end of the day you need to
3:26see it for yourself
3:28see that it's red and make your own
3:30determination in the u.s
3:32we don't have as much of a problem but
3:34occasionally you do see what i would
3:36call a pink
3:37sapphire being sold as a ruby something
3:40to be aware of
3:41now one other difference that ruby has
3:44from sapphire is that they have
3:46different crystal habits
3:48and that means that when they grow they
3:50naturally grow into different shapes
3:53when you look at a sapphire you have
3:55what we often call a bipyramidal shape
3:58when you look at a ruby you usually have
4:01a much more tabular shape
4:03now this tabular habit doesn't affect a
4:06lot of things but what it does show
4:08itself in
4:09is the final product you'll notice that
4:11rubies have a tendency to be very
4:13shallow
4:14when they're cut and that is because of
4:17how they grow
4:18rubies grow in a tabular form so they
4:21end up being very shallow when they're
4:23finished
4:24the practical through of this
4:28is that they have what we call windowing
4:30meaning meaning you can almost
4:31see through them at times it doesn't
4:34affect every single ruby the same but it
4:36is something to watch out for
4:38because it affects how pretty it looks
4:40and therefore
4:41it affects the value but it's just an
4:43interesting thing to note
4:45because a lot of people will notice that
4:47and maybe not make the connection that
4:49it goes
4:49all the way back to the crystal
4:51structure so gemologists
4:53will often call ruby the rock star
4:56of the gem world so again king of the
4:58gems rockstar the gem world
5:00a lot of it has to do with people have
5:02loved red for
5:04ever and that's a big part however
5:07corundum as a mineral is of course very
5:10tough
5:11and very hard it has a hardness of about
5:13a nine
5:14i shouldn't say about it's actually the
5:16mineral they use to designate nine so it
5:18is supposed to be nine
5:20but there are variances that they need
5:22to account for
5:23but nine gives you a very hard gemstone
5:26that's very
5:26practical it's hard enough for most
5:28everyday wear type rings
5:30it's not going to be as hard or as tough
5:33as diamond however
5:35it's a very good stone when you're
5:37trying to look for something practical
5:39one more quick note it is the birthstone
5:41for july
5:42and so those of you that are trying to
5:44figure out birthstones you can slot in
5:46ruby into july
5:48another thing i wanted to talk about is
5:50just generally speaking to where it
5:52falls in the value spectrum
5:54as you might guess from some of my
5:56previous statements in this video
5:58it can carry one of the highest price
6:01price tags
6:02of any gemstone and per carat it often
6:06does have the highest price tag
6:09when you compare it to other gemstones
6:11so it's incredibly valuable
6:13but as i've talked about in my other
6:15videos you have to consider its
6:17characteristics specific to that stone
6:20because not every ruby is the most
6:24valuable
6:24but it can be and that's an important
6:27distinction
6:28something else that's really interesting
6:29about ruby is that it can be a
6:31fluorescent gemstone
6:33and while fluorescence is negatively
6:36looked at
6:37in the clear stone community like
6:39diamonds fluorescence in something like
6:41a ruby almost makes it look like it's a
6:43glowing red
6:44it's really fascinating not all rubies
6:47fluoresce that way
6:49i have heard people of saying that's how
6:50you can test rubies
6:52it's really not definitive but rubies
6:54can fluoresce
6:55and it can be beautiful it has to do
6:57again with the chromium
6:59but it also has to do with not having
7:02some of the other impurities
7:04and rubies can grow within different
7:06host rocks
7:07you have some rubies growing in marble
7:10which are usually the nicer more
7:12valuable ones and then you have your
7:13basalt
7:14rubies now the basalt rubies will often
7:18times
7:18inherently have more iron in them and
7:21make them a lot
7:22darker darker to the point where they're
7:24less attractive
7:25marble rubies usually have fewer
7:28impurities
7:29that end up going into the crystal so
7:31you end up with more of a just
7:33pure chromium and that oftentimes makes
7:36for the most beautiful
7:38stones now rubies are a significant
7:41gemstone
7:42there's no denying that going all the
7:43way back to being mentioned
7:45four times in the bible and being
7:47revered by many cultures
7:49all the way through into the middle ages
7:51having a very high price and being
7:53associated with
7:54some lore stories but
7:58there are some connections with ruby
8:01that again
8:02are correct but also may be
8:05misunderstood
8:06one of those has to do with the best
8:09rubies in the world
8:10coming from myanmar or what
8:13a lot of people still refer to as burma
8:17you may have heard a reference to
8:18burmese rubies
8:20or sometimes people even talk about
8:22pigeon blood rubies
8:25pigeon blood rubies refer to a very
8:27specific strong
8:28color of ruby like something like
8:31imperial jade it gets
8:33misused and abused constantly people
8:36thinking they have a more valuable ruby
8:38than they do and not using that
8:40word appropriately because it really
8:42should re refer to a very small
8:44percentage of the nicest rubies in the
8:46whole world
8:48but going back to that whole
8:50conversation of burmese rubies
8:52something that's often misunderstood is
8:54that while
8:56some of the nicest rubies throughout
8:58history have
8:59come from that region a lot of very
9:02inexpensive rubies
9:04have also come from that region because
9:07within that country of burma or what we
9:09now call myanmar
9:11you have different distinct minds
9:14and some of them like the mogak mind i'm
9:17sure i butchered that pronunciation
9:19you have a lot of marble bearing
9:23ruby and in the other you have more of
9:27that basalt based
9:28as we mentioned before so when someone
9:31says a
9:31burmese ruby just like when someone says
9:35ruby it is not inherently valuable or
9:38nice
9:39so again every gemstone should be looked
9:41at on its own merits
9:43but some of the nicest gemstones have
9:46come
9:47from that region other places where
9:50rubies have been found
9:52it's a long list but i'll name a few of
9:54the more popular and common ones
9:56you have thailand you have australia you
9:59have
9:59brazil you have cambodia as well as
10:02some other african countries tanzania
10:05for instance
10:07it's it's not a gemstone that has been
10:10relegated to a very small region
10:12like some however depending on that
10:16region
10:17depending on the host rock you will get
10:19varying qualities of the stone
10:22some of them may be requiring more
10:24treatment to make them attractive
10:26than others and that maybe brings me to
10:29my
10:29biggest point when watching out for
10:31value
10:32i mention it in all my videos treatments
10:36can and do dramatically affect the value
10:39of a gemstone
10:40now they can also affect how attractive
10:43it is
10:44but one of the biggest problems with
10:47treatments lies in their stability
10:49and while heat treatment is generally
10:52accepted
10:53throughout the industry not every
10:56treatment is
10:57heat treatment is accepted because it
10:59can be done naturally in the earth
11:01in fact most stones have already been
11:04heated in the earth in some way
11:06so having some kind of a controlled heat
11:08treatment
11:09where you end up with a stable stone
11:12is fine some of the less acceptable ones
11:15have to do with when you've introduced
11:17an entirely new element like diffusion
11:19treating
11:20where they are technically heating it up
11:22but they're heating it up to a point
11:23where another element is actually
11:25soaking into the gemstone
11:28this is a problem for a few reasons i'm
11:30sure you can imagine
11:31but it's not always stable and sometimes
11:33it's very close to the surface of the
11:35stone
11:35like in sapphires it's not very deep
11:38penetrating so as soon as the stone is
11:40polished down a bit
11:42you end up losing a lot of that color
11:44but maybe the most detrimental thing
11:46with rubies has to do with lead glass
11:49filling
11:50and a lot of people don't realize how
11:52widespread this
11:53is it's better than it used to be
11:56several years ago
11:57uh we're talking probably around 2010
12:00maybe
12:02you were seeing a lot of a lot of lead
12:04glass rubies
12:06what does that mean it means they were
12:08taking very low
12:09quality ruby or sometimes even just
12:12corundum that had a little bit of red to
12:14it
12:15and they were putting lead glass into it
12:19which is a relatively easy treatment for
12:21them to do again they're heating it up
12:22to the point where the glass flows into
12:24the little fissures and cracks
12:26and it gives it the appearance of being
12:28a cleaner gemstone than it really is
12:31in these cases sometimes they're doing
12:32it with dyed glass
12:34or they're dyeing the stone in some way
12:36all of this goes back
12:38to they're taking a very inexpensive
12:41very common stone
12:44it's not nearly as rare and they're
12:47trying to make it pretty
12:49that's fine except when you get into all
12:52the problems with disclosing this and
12:54being able to identify it
12:56the internet has been plastered with
12:59light glass rubies
13:00a lot of jewelers are very cautious
13:02about who they buy rubies from
13:04if they sell them at all and many people
13:08will even demand a lab report
13:10if they're buying a decent ruby just to
13:12make sure that this is not a problem
13:14because it can be difficult to identify
13:16in some cases
13:17ones that are heavily treated we're
13:19talking like 70
13:21of the stone is basically glass those
13:23are a little bit easier to look at under
13:25loop and
13:25and determine but some of them were
13:27maybe they've they've
13:29taken 20 to 30 percent of the stone
13:31where it's glass
13:33those can be difficult to see and
13:37those you will probably want a lab
13:38report if you're investing in a nicer
13:40stone
13:41rep reputable jewelers tend to watch out
13:44for who they get these from
13:45but i've spent a lot of time talking
13:47about it because it is a real issue and
13:49a lot of people think they end up with
13:51these
13:51really valuable rubies and they can't
13:55understand why they only had to pay five
13:56dollars for their ruby and someone paid
13:585000 for theirs
13:59there's always a reason i just wanted to
14:03emphasize that that has been a real
14:05problem and it's something that doesn't
14:06get talked about
14:08or identified nearly enough disclosure
14:11especially through a lot of online
14:13retailers
14:14if they're only selling online through
14:17certain websites you probably know what
14:18i'm talking about
14:20there's a good chance they're not
14:21disclosing everything and if it's a very
14:24inexpensive ruby
14:25that's probably a reason why so at the
14:28end of the day
14:29what things actually affect the value of
14:31a ruby maybe you're thinking about
14:33buying one
14:34maybe you're just curious maybe you
14:36already bought one and
14:38you're starting to question some things
14:40but you have
14:41treatments obviously that we just talked
14:43about you have the four c's
14:45just like you do in diamond how well
14:47it's cut we talked about windowing
14:49and even if you want something that has
14:51a little more brilliance
14:53the general cut of the stone is
14:55important obviously the carat weight the
14:57size of the stone
14:58that's going to make a big difference
15:00and then the clarity is also something
15:03clarity is not looked at the same as it
15:05is in diamonds
15:06but generally speaking the question
15:08you're asking are
15:11what are the eye visible inclusions and
15:13how easily can you see them
15:15that's really what you want to do maybe
15:17you want to look at it under a loop
15:19you could even look at it under a
15:20microscope but because it's not
15:22transparent
15:24you're not as concerned as you would be
15:26with something like a diamond but you do
15:28want to
15:28talk about clarity because heavy
15:31inclusions can affect the durability
15:33and then also heavy inclusions can be
15:36distracting and they can take away from
15:37the beauty or they can cause
15:39other coloring and so you have that
15:42and then just like diamonds color is
15:44important but in a very different way
15:47color is actually important because you
15:49want a nice saturation you want a nice
15:52color you want a nice hue but you don't
15:54want it too dark you don't want it too
15:56light
15:57and you do see things like zoning
16:00where you have a high saturation of
16:02color in one part
16:03and yet it's very light in another this
16:06is a little bit more common in sapphire
16:08than it is in ruby
16:09but it is something to watch out for if
16:11you're trying to find a nice stone
16:13again if all you're doing is price
16:16shopping
16:16find the cheapest stone but if you're
16:18concerned about some of these things you
16:20have to know what questions to ask
16:22and i do want to give you a couple other
16:24buying tips
16:26so first of all you've heard me say this
16:28a lot try and find a jeweler that you
16:29can trust
16:31jewelers have a lot of their reputation
16:34based off of trust
16:35and while maybe at times you can get a
16:38better deal online
16:39you don't always know what you're
16:40getting and you don't always know who
16:41you're dealing with
16:43and they're not as reliant on trust
16:46as someone who is standing in front of
16:50you
16:50yes you can rate things but even that
16:53becomes very sketchy at times
16:56amazon right now has had difficulty
16:58trying to control fake reviews so
17:01you can't totally rely on that as being
17:04your
17:05backdrop for trusting the review system
17:08but i would recommend finding a jeweler
17:10that you can trust
17:12also as i mentioned in this video don't
17:14confuse origin
17:16with quality that does happen
17:20some people don't care at all where it
17:21comes from they just want a pretty stone
17:24just because it comes from a certain
17:26place like burma
17:28does not mean that it's a better stone
17:31some people may want that provenance but
17:33don't confuse those things
17:35also make sure to ask about treatments
17:38unless otherwise stated you can assume
17:40that it's heat treated
17:41that's just how it is if it's not heat
17:44treated then it actually has a higher
17:46premium without heat treatment we just
17:48would not have hardly any
17:50pretty rubies lastly if you're concerned
17:55ask for a lab report try and get a stone
17:57that has a lab report
17:59particularly from a good reputable lab
18:03something like gia you've heard me
18:04mention ags
18:06is another one these are places that
18:08should put an
18:10unbiased statement
18:13as to whether this has been treated or
18:15how it's been treated
18:17and really that's one of the biggest
18:18things when it comes to determining
18:20value outside of that subjective
18:22color matter as always i hope you
18:26learned something i hope you'll share it
18:27with
18:28me below and i do again
18:31plan on putting out some new videos and
18:33i have what i think are some
18:35fun questions we're going to be
18:36answering in the future so again if you
18:38haven't subscribed
18:39please subscribe below hit the
18:40notification button and
18:42keep coming back so we can keep learning
18:54together
